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Geography and climate There are unique natural landscapes, a various environment, a set of wood territories, a large number of the rivers and lakes and mineral waters that, undoubtedly, does Bashkiria by a place of medical and improving rest. On the territory of Bashkiria interesting tourist routes lie many. Sanatorium activity in Bashkiria develops successfully and involves many vacationers. Bashkiria divide into three parts: Ural height (Mountain Bashkiria), Preduralye (the Western Bashkiria) and Bashkir Zauralye. The Ural height possesses neravnosklonny character. To the East from it Zauralye - the uvalisty foothills, and behind it the flat West Siberian Plain settles down. From the western part of a height Preduralye adjoins, it is the western half of Bashkiria. In Bashkiria there are a lot of rivers which belong to systems of Volga, the Urals and Ob. The major river White received the name at the expense of unusual color of water. The biggest inflow by Béla is the river Ufa. In a northern part of the Ural height coniferous forests prevail, and in the southern part the coniferous and deciduous forests are observed. In the north of the Zauralsky part there is a forest-steppe strip. The climate in Bashkiria differs complexity, but as a whole has continental character. For it the hot summer and cold winter is characteristic. Sharp fluctuations of temperature are frequent. In Bashkiria dry air currents of anti-cyclones prevail. In the north of Bashkiria the average annual temperature makes 0,8 degrees, in an average part of Bashkiria it makes 2,7 degrees, and in the south of nearly 4 degrees. In Preduralye climate drier, than in Zauralye. The Ural mountains are a peculiar barrier on a way of damp winds from the Atlantic Ocean. In Zauralye shorter and dry summer, than in Preduralye, and the winter colder also lasts more long. In the foothills of Ural often there are thunder-storms. A lack of climate of Bashkiria also is usually cold spring.
The Republic of Bashkortostan – the subject of the Russian Federation called by name indigenous people – the Bashkir. The republic is located in the southern part of the Ural mountains, on border of Europe and Asia. Bashkortostan Square makes 143 thousand sq.km or 0,8 % from total area of the country. In the north Bashkortostan borders on Perm Krai and Sverdlovsk region, in the east - with Chelyabinsk, in the southeast, the South and the southwest - with Orenburg areas, in the West - with the Republic of Tatarstan, in the northwest - with the Udmurt republic. The extent of the territory from the North to the south makes 550 km, from the West to the east - more than 430 km.
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The republic takes the 7th place in Russia on population – 4 051,6 million thousands people, population density - 28,3 persons on one square kilometer of the territory against 8,3 people on the average across Russia. The capital of Bashkortostan – the city of Ufa with the population of 1 050 million thousands people. In Bashkortostan 54 administrative regions, 21 cities, 40 settlements of city type. The largest cities – Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Neftekamsk, October. Climate of the republic continental with damp, warm summer and in moderately severe winter. Average temperature of January — −18 °, July — +18 °. Time advances in Bashkortostan Moscow at 2 o'clock, universal across Greenwich – in the winter at 5 o'clock, in the summer – on 6. State languages, according to the Constitution of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Bashkir and Russian languages are.
Surprising on beauty the nature of Bashkortostan, its arid continental climate with warm summer and in moderately cold winter already in itself are salutary for health of the person. There are here too special natural powers: hot pairs and gases, miralny waters, curative dirt, koumiss. The glory about their chudodestvenny properties goes from time immemorial. For example, the first written mentions of treatment on Usolskikhvodakh belong to the XVI century. Academician Pallas publishes data on Yangan-tau's grief and curative pairs leaving at its top and gases in the second half of the XVIII century researcher Falk writes about medical properties of dirt on coast of zauralsky lakes. The first clinics appeared soon after the completion of construction of the railway. Also became very popular. "On koumiss" here came Anton Pavlovich Chekhov, Nikolaevich Tolstoy Is left. In days of the Soviet power in the republic the whole system of health resorts was created. In recent years it has the accelerated development. In the whole sanatorium of the republic use mad popularity. Their general capacity by the beginning 2003 made 2699 beds. The sanatorium system of Bashkortostan on many parameters meets the increased requirements of the population. Health inhabitants of the Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk, Perm, Orenburg areas, the Republic of Tatarstan, Moscow and many other regions here restore. The contribution of the Republic of Bashkortostan to development of health resorts in fact is a contribution to improvement of the population of all Russia.
Sights In Bashkortostan tourists by all means need to visit reserves, national and natural parks. All of them are connected by good highways. Ufa – natural park "Kandrykul" - natural park "Aslykul" - national park "Bashkiria" - natural park «Muradynovsky gorge» - the national natural park "Shulgan-tash" - the Bashkir national natural park – the Southern Ural national natural park.
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